gh-122622: Add PyREPL pre_execution_hook

[edvilme]

Supersedes #144724

Adds custom hook to PyREPL that can be configured by tools such as VSCode

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This pull request introduces a new pre_execution_hook mechanism to the _pyrepl interactive console, allowing external code to register a callback that is invoked before each statement is executed. Comprehensive tests are added to verify the hook's behavior, including its default state, invocation, error handling, and interaction with REPL commands.

New pre-execution hook feature:

• Added a pre_execution_hook attribute to _pyrepl.__init__, which can be set to a callable that receives each statement before execution (Lib/_pyrepl/__init__.py).
• Modified run_multiline_interactive_console in simple_interact.py to call the hook before executing each statement, safely ignoring exceptions raised by the hook (Lib/_pyrepl/simple_interact.py). [1] [2]

Testing and validation:

• Added a new test class TestPreExecutionHook in test_interact.py to verify the hook is unset by default, is called with the correct statement, does not break the REPL if it raises, and is not called for REPL commands (Lib/test/test_pyrepl/test_interact.py).
• Updated test imports to include _pyrepl and MagicMock for mocking and patching in tests (Lib/test/test_pyrepl/test_interact.py).

• Issue: Preexec hook for REPL #122622

CC @brettcannon @anthonykim1 @pablogsal